21 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
by Mechanism Decreased ... renal Mg wasting syndromes ... - Gitelman syndrome ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Classification #Causes #Workup
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... hyperproteinemia DECREASED ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Excretion: • Decreased ... Shift: Refeeding Syndrome ... Tumor Genesis Syndrome ... FGF23: Fanconi Syndrome ... nephrology #phosphorus #workup
COPD phenotypes:  Blue Bloaters vs. Pink Puffers
The two most stereotypical forms of COPD are pink
persistently increased work ... have an overlap syndrome ... obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... causes a dramatic increase ... in the work of
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus) on Physical Exam
A tonic flexion of the trunk of the body to one
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus ... female sex, & rapid increase ... FatimahDandan #Pisa #Syndrome ... neurology #posture #video
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Delivery (DO2) • Decreased ... Ischemia, Compartment Syndrome ... Beta-Agonists, ↑ work ... in Short Bowel Syndrome ... , where decreased
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Stiff Person Syndrome ... Stiff Person Syndrome ... of Stiff Person Syndrome ... antibody that works ... activity, typically decreased
Kussmaul's Sign on Neck Physical Examination

Elderly woman with a history of myocardial revascularization surgery is hospitalized
heart failure syndrome ... defined by an increase ... #PhysicalExam #Video
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
• Polyclonal increase ... • Richter’s Syndrome ... leukemia • Sezary syndrome ... Leukemia #diagnosis #workup
Intraoperative Hypertension - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Hypertension is most commonly due to inappropriate depth of
blood pressure AND increase ... rhythm, perfusion; increase ... overload / TURP syndrome ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup