31 results
Pseudomonas Toenail Infection

Green nails = infection with a bacteria called “Pseudomonas”. Not all bacterial infections are
Pseudomonas Toenail ... nails = infection ... ) What: When nails ... submerge their nails ... #Photo #Podiatry
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
- Differential Diagnosis ... day, Increased Urine ... GI Bleed) • NaCl ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... deposits - Post-infectious ... - RBC casts → Diagnostic ... Hematuria: • Infection ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Red Urine:
 • Medical conditions: bleeding, porphyria, factitious disorder
 • Meds: rifampin,
Urine Color - Differential ... Diagnosis Red Urine ... Foods: excessive ingestion ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... discoloration #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... casts - Renal infection ... Urinary tract infection ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... HSP • Post-infectious ... GN - Bland urine ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal Urine ... - Differential Diagnosis ... syndrome), Herbicide ingestion ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Causes of Altered Urine ... urinary tract infections ... urinary tract infection ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
- Differential Diagnosis ... Urinary tract infection ... solubility: • Low urine ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Some of the techniques used for Antenatal Diagnosis

Amniocentesis 
 - Chromosome/micro-array and DNA analysis 
 -
analysis - Fetal infection ... anaemia - Fetal infection ... serology - Fetal ... analysis - Fetal infection ... surgery, e.g. laser photo-coagulation