23 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
lung disease • Pulmonary ... Arterial Hypertension ... Right to Left Shunt ... Defect ** • Atrial ... Right to Left Shunt
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Summary A defect in arterial ... 1) or anatomic shunt ... passage • Arterial ... blood gas (ABC) ... scanning or pulmonary
Causes of Cyanosis in the Newborn - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Peripheral Only:
 • Poor Perfusion
 • Acrocyanosis
Hemoglobinopathy:
Only: • Poor Perfusion ... Left-to-Right Shunt ... Arteriosus • Atrial ... Total Anomalous Pulmonary ... Transposition of the Great Arteries
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
(assumes Room Air ... Right to Left Shunt ... - Anatomic Shunt ... Disease and more • Diffusion ... Gradient #alveolar #arterial
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
VIQ mismatch and shunt ... lung diseases, pulmonary ... asthma, COPD, pulmonary ... embolus SHUNT ... shunting (eg, atrial
Clinical Management for Three Common Causes of Shock 
HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK
 • Ensure adequate ventilation and oxygenation.
Clinical Management ... of poor organ perfusion ... dysrhythmias (eg, atrial ... pressure (PEEP) for pulmonary ... #Shock #Management
CPAP Troubleshooting Tips
1. Wrong size/style mask → try a different mask, nasal pillows
2. Trouble getting used
try a different mask ... tolerating forced air ... noise → check air ... Troubleshooting #Tips #management ... #problems #pulmonary
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) - Basics
Mode of cardiopulmonary support used to treat pulmonary and/or cardiovascular failure
used to treat pulmonary ... destination Veno-Arterial ... Blood returns - arterial ... oxygenator • Assess perfusion ... #ECMO #Basics #management
Oxygen Delivery by Device

Nasal Cannula 
• Indicated for low-flow, low-percentage supplemental oxygen. 
• Flow rate of
Nonrebreather Mask ... entrainment of room air ... Venturi Mask (venti-mask ... Delivery #FiO2 #Pulmonary ... Equipment #Devices #Management
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Definition: mean pulmonary-artery pressure > 25mmHg
Thromboembolic Pulmonary ... Thromboembolic Pulmonary ... thromboembolic material ... • Ventilation-perfusion ... Thromboendarterectomy #diagnosis #management