19 results
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = [FiO2 ... (assumes Room Air ... chest) • Low PiO2 ... Elevation, Low Fio2 ... Disease and more • Diffusion
Mask Oxygen Delivery Devices

Simple Mask aka Hudson's Mask:
 • Flow 6-10 LPM
 • FiO2 35-50%
Face Tent:
Flow 6-10 LPM • FiO2 ... 10-15 LPM • FiO2 ... oxygen ambient air ... Delivery #Devices #management ... #pulmonary #criticalcare
Oxygen Delivery by Device

Nasal Cannula 
• Indicated for low-flow, low-percentage supplemental oxygen. 
• Flow rate of
high percentage FiO ... entrainment of room air ... set to desired FiO2 ... #Pulmonary #Equipment ... #Devices #Management
Oxygen Delivery Systems
Nasal Cannula:
 • Flow: 1 - 6 L/min
 • FiO2: 25 - 40% (-4%/L
- 6 L/min • FiO2 ... of flow) Face Mask ... ~40% Venturi Mask ... support #devices #management ... #pulmonary #comparison
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Diagnosis and Management ... 1) or anatomic shunt ... Arterial blood gas (ABC ... cirrhosis • Intra-pulmonary ... scanning or pulmonary
Nasal Oxygen Delivery Devices
Nasal cannula can be used to deliver supplemental O2. Conventional nasal cannula are
rates & moderate FiO2 ... achieving a higher FiO2 ... entrain ambient air ... Delivery #Devices #management ... #pulmonary #criticalcare
Oxygen Delivery Devices
1. Flow is a variable describing the movement of a volume of gas over
Room air is 21% ... resulting in an FiO2 ... more predictable FiO2 ... NRB) • Venturi Mask ... Flow #Comparison #management
(S)CMV - Synchronized Controlled Mechanical Ventilation Summary
Most Similar to "AC/VC"
Basic Set Parameters:
  1) Rate
Most Similar to "AC ... 3) PEEP 4) FiO2 ... #Ventilation #management ... #pulmonary
CPAP Troubleshooting Tips
1. Wrong size/style mask → try a different mask, nasal pillows
2. Trouble getting used
try a different mask ... tolerating forced air ... noise → check air ... Troubleshooting #Tips #management ... #problems #pulmonary
Perform computations online at:
ScyMed.com
6th ED
ICU-card
«ICU, Formulas & Drugs»
HEMODYNAMIC PATTERNS
Condition
SAP
CVP

PAP PCWP

CO C(a-v)02 PVR

SVR
Hypovolemic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↑
↑
Cardiogenic shock
↓
1
↑
1

1
↑

Septic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↓
↓
↓
Cardiac Tamponade
.
↑
↑
1
↓

→
↑
RV
→ ↓ → →↑ Pulmonary ... DP-PCWP Coronary Perfusion ... Qt 0.0-7.0 % Shunt ... A-a Gradient (((FIO ... 100-150 mmHg (FIO2