12 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome on Echocardiogram (A4C)
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome: Intrapulmonary shunting is most commonly demonstrated by contrast TTE when
Echocardiogram (A4C ... visualized in the left atrium ... with intracardiac shunt ... #bubble #shunting ... #hepatology #clinical
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Echocardiogram (A4c) with bubble study showing delayed right-to-left shunt consistent with intrapulmonary shunt
68M
Echocardiogram (A4c ... ) with bubble study ... Echocardiogram #bubble ... clinical #pocus #hepatology ... #a4c
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
• Pulmonary Arterial ... Right to Left Shunt ... Defect ** • Atrial ... Right to Left Shunt ... Hypoventilation Syndrome
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... 1) or anatomic shunt ... cycles after right atrial ... blood gas (ABC) ... management #treatment #hepatology
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... VIQ mismatch and shunt ... pulmonary embolus SHUNT ... hepatopulmonary syndrome ... shunting (eg, atrial
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Right to Left Shunt ... Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... Disease and more • Diffusion ... Gradient #alveolar #arterial
Evaluation of Electrical Injury in the Emergency Department 

Common Injuries by System:

CNS - Seizure, coma, spinal
immediate, prior to ED arrival ... MSK - Fractures ... posterior shoulder - AC ... compartment syndrome ... especially with AC
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
Double Shunt on ... Early transit of bubbles ... hepatopulmonary syndrome ... as RAP>LAP as atrial ... clinical #pocus #a4c
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... • Triggers: ATRA ... HoTN, edema and effusions ... Differentiation #Syndrome ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Effect in Right Atrium ... left to right shunt ... Effect #Right #Atrium ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble