57 results
Mechanisms of Lower Extremity Edema: #Diagnosis #Pathophys #EM #IM #Edema #Lower #LowerExtremity #Causes #Starling #Oncotic #Hydrostatic
Causes #Starling #Oncotic ... #Hydrostatic #Pressure
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... • G-CSF • Hypokalemic ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... MatthewHoMD #Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic ... Hypothermia • Hypokalemic ... amzn.to/2LmUODZ #Hypokalemia
Causes of Edema - Differential Diagnosis
Pitting Edema:
  ↑ Hydrostatic - Too Much Fluid
Pitting Edema: ↑ Hydrostatic ... Iatrogenic ↑ Hydrostatic ... Pressure ↓ Oncotic
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... proliferation - Hypokalemic ... DrEricStrong #Hypokalemia
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Increased Interstitial Oncotic ... Increased Capillary Hydrostatic ... Decreased Capillary Oncotic
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... Fanconi Syndrome • Osmotic ... Steatorrhea • Chronic Diarrhea
Pitting vs Non-Pitting Edema: Differential Diagnosis
For pitting edema: there's generally an issue with :
  ↑
issue with : ↑ Hydrostatic ... pressure ↓ Plasma oncotic
Acute Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Ischemic: Small Bowel vs Large Bowel
 • Infectious: Diarrhea-Predominant
Acute Diarrhea - ... • Infectious: Diarrhea-Predominant ... Non-Bloody • Dietary (osmotic ... diarrhea) #Acute ... #Diarrhea #Differential
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia ... to moderate); hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia; hypokalemia ... constipation, diarrhea ... constipation, diarrhea