37 results
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Differential Diagnosis ... with secondary, hypocalcemia ... - Acquired: Medications ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology #magnesium
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
Causes of Hypermagnesemia ... or enemas - Treatment ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... , Hypermagnesemia ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... #Differential # ... #Causes #Workup
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia ... to moderate); hypokalemia ... ; hypokalemia; constipation ... disturbances (including hypokalemia ... Potassium #Binding #Hyperkalemia
Causes of Altered Level of Consciousness GCS < 7 - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Brain Involvement - Hemispheric
Causes of Altered ... Hypernatremia • Hypercalcemia ... • Hypermagnesemia ... Hyponatremia • Hypocalcemia ... • Hypomagnesemia
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... - Differential ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... #Magnesium #Low ... #Causes #Differential
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
in kidneys) - Medications ... cisplatin) - Chronic hypercalcemia ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Constipation - Differential ... Psychosocial Medications ... Hypothyroidism • Hypokalemia ... • Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Symptoms and Signs of Hypomagnesemia
Neuromuscular:
 - Tetany, Muscle weakness, Chvostek and Trousseau signs, Cerebellar (ataxia, nystagmus,
Symptoms and Signs of Hypomagnesemia ... Dysphagia, Anorexia, nausea ... Miscellaneous: - Hypokalemia ... , Hypocalcemia, ... #magnesium #Symptoms