24 results
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
and Gitelman syndrome ... with secondary, hypocalcemia ... Hypomagnesemia - Acquired: Medications ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology #magnesium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
Causes of Hypermagnesemia ... or enemas - Treatment ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Hypermagnesemia #Causes ... #diagnosis #differential
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
in kidneys) - Medications ... cisplatin) - Chronic hypercalcemia ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia ... to moderate); hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia; hypokalemia ... disturbances (including hypokalemia ... Potassium #Binding #Hyperkalemia
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Kidney #Injury #Differential ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
• LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... Hyperphosphatemia • Hypocalcemia ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... #causes #treatment
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
- Differential ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium ... #Low #Causes #Differential
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
Hyperkalemia The ... provoke rebound hypokalemia ... algorithm for the management ... , and Table 3 summarizes ... #Management #Medications