17 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
spine Signs / Symptoms ... bladder/bowel dysfunction ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... pathophysiology #diagnosis #symptoms
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Upper Extremity Dysfunction ... deficiencies -> Sphincter dysfunction ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs/symptoms ... -(rare), Valve dysfunction ... failure ++, Valve dysfunction ... Valve destruction/dysfunction ... Marantic #diagnosis #table
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Pathophysiology: 1) T-cell dysfunction ... Features: • Many symptoms ... patients have no symptoms ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable ... anterior/posterior MSK
SEPSIS AND SEPTIC SHOCK

DEFINITION AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
 • Sepsis: Life-threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host
Life-threatening organ dysfunction ... cellular/metabolic dysfunction ... Infection + Organ dysfunction ... /hypofunction. ... • Symptoms: Fever
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Compensatory muscular dysfunction ... pathophysiology #causes #symptoms ... signs #diagnosis #msk
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
bowel or bladder dysfunction ... Autonomic Dysfunction ... Bowel/Bladder dysfunction ... , or autonomic dysfunction ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms
Atrial Fibrillation RVR - Medications
Diltiazem
 • Preferred in patients with chronic lung such as Asthma and
patients with LV dysfunction ... to improve CHF symptoms ... treatment #comparison #table
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
specific questions to ask ... metabolic equivalent able ... with valvular dysfunction ... or LV dysfunction ... Stable patients
Distraction Test for Cervical Radiculopathy

 • Indicates compression of neural structures at the intervertebral foramen or
or facet joint dysfunction ... a decrease in symptoms ... #orthopedics #msk