10 results
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ACTH-Dependent (Secondary):
 • Pituitary Dysfunction
 • Hypothalamic Dysfunction
ACTH-Independent (Primary):
Causes of Adrenal ... : • Pituitary Dysfunction ... • Hypothalamic Dysfunction ... Infiltrative: Malignancy ... #Causes #endocrinology
Anosmia / Smell Dysfunction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Nasal Obstruction/ URTI:
 • Septal Deviation
 • Allergic Rhinitis
Anosmia / Smell Dysfunction ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypofunction ... • Adrenal Hyperfunction ... #Causes
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Autoimmune:
 • Isolated
 • Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome 1
 •
Causes of Adrenal ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Infiltrative: • Malignancy ... • Pituitary dysfunction ... #Causes
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... Painless: suggests malignancy ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... suggest intrinsic renal ... #Ddxof
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
Treatment algorithm ... for malignancy-associated ... Hypercalcemia - Renal ... Calcitonin Refractory Cases ... #management #endocrinology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
trauma, sepsis, malignancy ... Bleeding (64%) • Renal ... Treat primary cause ... Coagulation #diagnosis #causes ... #treatment #management
SEPSIS AND SEPTIC SHOCK

DEFINITION AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
 • Sepsis: Life-threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host
/hypofunction. ... COMMON CAUSES + ... pulses • The Renal ... INITIAL MANAGEMENT ... ADVANCED MANAGEMENT
Management of Hyponatremia
Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125
Give
Management of Hyponatremia ... • Discuss with endocrinology ... SIADH — look for cause ... hourly • Identify Cause ... #algorithm #treatment
Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis and Management Summary
10 percent rule = 10% of pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal, multiple, bilateral,
pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal ... multiple, bilateral, malignant ... , pediatric cases ... and other organ dysfunction ... phenoxybenzamine • Malignant
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
eyes • Salivary hypofunction ... Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... Distal (Type I) renal ... and Arthritis Malignancy ... Rheumatology #Diagnosis #Management