45 results
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology of Diabetic ... Ketoacidosis (DKA ... ) and Hyperglycemic ... pathophysiology #comparison ... #diabetic #ketoacidosis
"Eight I's" mnemonic for the main causes of hyperglycemia. #hhs #dka #ketoacidosis #diabetes #diabetic #em #differential
main causes of hyperglycemia ... #hhs #dka #ketoacidosis ... #diabetes #diabetic ... #differential #diagnosis
Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
 • Diabetic Ketoacidosis ± Hyperglycemia ± Hyperosmolar
 • Alcoholic Ketoacidosis ± Hyperglycemia
Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis • Diabetic ... Ketoacidosis ± ... Hyperglycemia ± ... #differential #diagnosis
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
Pathophysiology of Diabetic ... depletion and hyperglycemia ... of carbohydrate metabolism ... state and fat metabolism ... abnormalities, including hyperglycemia
Ketosis Disorders - Comparison Table
 • Starvation Ketosis
 • Alcoholic Ketoacidosis (AKA)
 • Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Ketosis Disorders - Comparison ... (AKA) • Diabetic ... Ketoacidosis (DKA ... Euglycemic DKA • Hyperglycemic ... #differential #diagnosis
DKA vs HHS
 - Think of DKA and HHS on a spectrum of hyperglycemic emergencies
 -
a spectrum of hyperglycemic ... #DKA #HHS #comparison ... #laboratory #diagnosis ... endocrinology #comparison ... #diabetic #ketoacidosis
Causes of Prolonged Emergence - Anesthesiology

Prolonged Drug Action:
• Overdose 
• Hypothermia (< 33 C) 
• Incr
interaction Metabolic ... endocrine • Hypoglycemia ... / hyperglycemia ... • HONK / diabetic ... ketoacidosis
Hyperglycemic Crisis - Algorithm for DKA/HHS

Diagnostic criteria for DKA:
 • pH < 7.3
 • Anion gap
Hyperglycemic Crisis ... for DKA/HHS Diagnostic ... > 250 mg/dL Diagnostic ... endocrinology #Diabetes ... #DM2 #Ketoacidosis
Comparison of Pathologic Breathing Patterns
Biot's respiration aka ataxic respiration:
 - Periodic breathing: hyperpnea (or normopnea) and
Comparison of Pathologic ... breathing: - Metabolic ... acidosis (Diabetes ... ketoacidosis) ... Respiratory #pulmonary #diagnosis
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
- Differential Diagnosis ... causes lactic & ketoacidosis ... renal failure Ketoacidosis ... - diabetic, alcohol ... #Differential #Diagnosis