34 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
EKG Findings Causes ... #EKG #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Differential # ... Causes #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Infiltrative disorders (e.g ... - Medications (e.g ... renal diseases (e.g ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
- Malignancy (e.g ... carcinoma of the lung ... CNS pathology (e.g ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
metastases, Infection (e.g ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... disease, Drugs (e.g ... #Diagnosis #Differential
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
- Congenital (e.g ... HHT), Acquired (e.g ... Vasodilation Lung ... #Diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes
Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis
Primary Back Pathology:
 • Musculoligamentous injury (a.k.a. lumbosacral strain)
 • Spondylosis (i.e.
Back Pain - Differential ... spondyloarthritis (e.g ... spondyloarthritis (e.g ... #Diagnosis #causes ... #primarycare #table
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential ... SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology
Pulmonary Embolism on ECG 

Mid 30's female with chest pain/dyspnea.  Triage EKG (no prior).
Pulmonary Embolism on ECG ... Triage EKG (no prior ... Differential/diagnosis ... See thread for POCUS ... Pulmonary #Embolism #ECG
Approach to ECGs - Tachy/Bradyarrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias - HR > 100
Wide
  (1) VT - DANGER
  (2)
AV block 1º - long ... 200ms from longer pause ... bradyarrhythmia #ECG ... #EKG #diagnosis ... #differential