38 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
EKG Findings Causes ... #EKG #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Differential # ... Causes #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Infiltrative disorders (e.g ... - Medications (e.g ... renal diseases (e.g ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
- Malignancy (e.g ... carcinoma of the lung ... CNS pathology (e.g ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
metastases, Infection (e.g ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... disease, Drugs (e.g ... Treatment is aimed
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
- Congenital (e.g ... HHT), Acquired (e.g ... Vasodilation Lung ... #Diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... Abscess Differential ... • Vasculitis (e.g ... Abscess #pulmonary #differential ... #causes #management
Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis
Primary Back Pathology:
 • Musculoligamentous injury (a.k.a. lumbosacral strain)
 • Spondylosis (i.e.
Back Pain - Differential ... spondyloarthritis (e.g ... spondyloarthritis (e.g ... #Diagnosis #causes ... #primarycare #table
Pulmonary Embolism on ECG 

Mid 30's female with chest pain/dyspnea.  Triage EKG (no prior).
Pulmonary Embolism on ECG ... Triage EKG (no prior ... Differential/diagnosis ... See thread for POCUS ... Pulmonary #Embolism #ECG
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
Treatment of Stable ... Control rate (e.g ... Treat underlying cause ... Control rate (e.g ... #management #cardiology