67 results
“H’s & T’s“ - The reversible causes of Cardiac Arrest 
Hypovolemia, Hypoxia/Hypoxemia, Hydrogen Ion Excess (Acidosis),
The reversible causes ... /Hyperkalemia, Hypothermia ... Pneumothorax, Thrombosis (Pulmonary ... #differential #diagnosis ... #arrest #management
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Diagnosis and Management
 • Distal (type 1) RTA
 • Proximal (type 2)
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... (RTA) Diagnosis ... and Management ... type 2) RTA • Hyperkalemic ... #table
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
, Differential Diagnosis ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Drugs - SIADH Renal ... deficit - Salt-losing ... #Table #Causes
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
and sodium • Dosing ... binds magnesium • Dosing ... and calcium • Dosing ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
ACEI Antihypertensive Dose Comparison. Consider divided (BID) regimen for better pre-dose (trough) BP control for the
potassium, and renal ... ACEInhibitor #ACEIs #Dosing ... #Conversion #Pharmacology ... #Hypertension #Management ... PrimaryCare #Comparison #Table
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... - Various renal ... diseases (e.g. renal ... #Table #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... deficiency, Salt-losing ... failure Hypervolemia ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Poor ... Mineralocorticoid excess - Renal ... Low #Potassium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... Clenching of fist during ... deficiency • Renal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #potassium