7 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... anemia) • G-CSF ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... • Discontinued diuretic ... #nephrology #low
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... Na delivery): CHF ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
• Hypovolemia: Diuretics ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... Cl; • Active diuretic ... Other medications ... #nephrology
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
excreted using diuretics ... #differential #algorithm ... #treatment #table ... #heartfailure #chf ... #criticalcare #
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
- Allergies to medications ... disease b) CHF ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... Orthopedic • Low ... one post op Cardiology