10 results
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Diagnosis Renal Causes ... Hypomagnesemia - Acquired: Medications ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... - Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
K; also binds magnesium ... nonspecifically binds K, magnesium ... ); nausea, vomiting ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... potassium(K) & magnesium ... consumption • Low ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... Other medications ... continued in most cases ... #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology # ... Medications #Table
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
mental status and low ... the determined cause ... #differential #algorithm ... cardiology #treatment #table ... icu #clinical #pharmacology