313 results
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
Approach to Elevated ... Risk Factors for Hypercapnea ... #Bicarbonate #Elevated
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
→ Primary hyperpara ... endocrinology #calcium #elevated
Comparison of Pathologic Breathing Patterns
Biot's respiration aka ataxic respiration:
 - Periodic breathing: hyperpnea (or normopnea) and
Periodic breathing: hyperpnea ... Diabetes mellitus) - Hyperpnea ... breathing: Gradual hyperpnoea ... /hypopnea and Apnea
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
chest pain, and an elevated ... Deep Breathing (Hyperpnea
Table of Breathing Patterns and Their Associated Conditions
Apnea
Biot's respirations
Bradypnea
Cheyne-Stokes respirations	
Hyperpnea
Hyperventilation
Hypoventilation
Kussmaul respirations
Orthopnea
Paradoxic ventilation
Sighing respirations
Tachypnea
Hoover's sign

#Breathing #Patterns #Diagnosis
respirations Hyperpnea
Tetralogy of Fallot - Hypoxic Spell Management
1. Oxygenation
2. Increase SVR
3. Abolish Hyperpnea
4. Correct Acidosis

- Dr. Rasha
Abolish Hyperpnea
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
in adults • Hyperpnea ... #Tachypnea #Hyperpnea
Myositis and Myopathies
Polymyositis 
 • Progressive, symmetric muscle weakness 
 • Elevated CK, +Anti-Jo, +Anti-Mi2
Dermatomyositis
muscle weakness • Elevated ... weakness, rash • Elevated ... muscle weakness • Elevated ... Normal or mildly elevated ... muscle weakness • Elevated
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Diagnosis Algorithm Elevated ... Hypercalcemia Low PTH: • Elevated ... Lymphoma (Hodgkin) • Elevated
Approach to Elevated aPTT / PT - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

aPTT: Intrinsic / Final
PT: Extrinsic / Final

By
Approach to Elevated ... MatthewHoMD #Elevated