14 results
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
in kidneys) - Medications ... cisplatin) - Chronic hypercalcemia ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
stenosis • Hypertrophic ... depletion - Medication ... Alcohol blackout - Medication ... Classification #Table ... #Causes
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
Medications for ... intervention are symptoms ... , changes on ECG ... , and Table 3 summarizes ... medications used
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... unless worrisome EKG
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... Etiology: • Medications ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... STOP offending medications
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... with previously stable ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #indications
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia ... are not caused ... of diagnosis (e.g ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable
Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVC's) - Summary Framework

Why PVCs?  Can be the first manifestation of cardiac
Hypertension, LV hypertrophy ... heart disease Causes ... Hypomagnesemia • Hypokalemia ... Digoxin toxicity Symptoms ... 300 = NSVT EKG
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... Electrolyte abnormality, Medication ... the underlying cause
Rockwood Clinical Frailty Score

There is no single generally accepted clinical definition of frailty. Previously developed tools
active disease symptoms ... occasionally, e.g ... heavy housework, medications ... from whatever cause ... so, they seem stable