2247 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
of Hypoxemia- Differential ... Atelectasis Central Hypoventilation ... Hypothyroidism Peripheral Hypoventilation ... • Obesity Hypoventilation ... Hypoxemia #Hypoxia #Differential
Causes of Dizziness / Lightheadedness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Lightheaded, unsteady, disoriented - Non-vertigo
Organic Disease
 • Presyncope/Vasodepressor
Lightheadedness - Differential ... Hypotension • Hyperventilation ... Lightheadedness #Neurology #Differential
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Hypoxemia Differential ... Atmospheric pressure • Hypoventilation ... Hypoxemia #Hypoxia #Differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Hypernatremia - Differential ... exercise-related loss • Hyperventilation ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology #Differential
Differential Diagnosis of Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders
Alkalosis
A. Central nervous system stimulation: Pain, Anxiety, psychosis, Fever, Cerebrovascular accident,
Differential Diagnosis ... failure, Mechanical hyperventilation ... Miscellaneous: Obesity, Hypoventilation ... acidosis #alkalosis #differential
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Daytime Sleepiness - Differential ... Narcolepsy • Obesity Hypoventilation ... Fatigue #Sleepiness #Differential
Acute Hypoxemia - Differential Diagnosis
 • Hyperacute: Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary Edema, Mucous Plugging, Bronchospasm, Pulmonary Embolism,
Acute Hypoxemia - Differential ... Hemorrhage • Hypoventilation ... Hypoxemia #hypoxia #Differential
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Dysrhythmia
 • Ischemia
 • Cardiomyopathy
 • Valvular disease
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential ... Extrapulmonary hypoventilation ... 2LmUODZ #Dyspnea #Differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... acidosis Step 5 - Differential ... alkalosis: - Hyperventilation ... Asthma, Obesity hypoventilation ... Base #Gas #VBG #differential
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Gradient • Alveolar Hypoventilation ... Center, Obesity Hypoventilation ... Hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential