565 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
, Differential Diagnosis ... Volume Status Hypervolemic ... SIADH Renal hypovolemic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Table #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dependent: • Hypovolemic ... • Hypervolemic ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypovolemic ... - Give volume Hypervolemic ... treat underlying cause ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hypernatremia: • Hypovolemic ... access to H2O • Hypervolemic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
uric acid high in hypovolemic ... and hypervolemic ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... symptoms (HA, nausea ... drug history #Diagnosis ... #Hyponatremia #Hypovolemic ... #Euvolemic #Hypervolemic
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Diagnosis and Management
 • Distal (type 1) RTA
 • Proximal (type 2)
Acidosis (RTA) Diagnosis ... and Management ... type 2) RTA • Hyperkalemic ... Tubular #Acidosis #Diagnosis ... #Management #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... HYPOVOLEMIC • ... psychogenic polydipsia HYPERVOLEMIC ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hyperkalemic Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Type 4 - 

Failure to acidify urine in collecting duct
Hyperkalemic Distal ... Type4 #Distal #Hyperkalemic ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Nephrology #RenalTubular