12 results
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis ... Post/pauci immune glomerulonephritis ... @AnnKumfer #Hypocomplementemia ... #Low #Complement
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
pathophysiologic causes ... staining): • Low ... Complement: Post-strep ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... MGPN • Complement ... immune deposits on EM ... Membranoproliferative #Glomerulonephritis
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... Urticaria and hypocomplementemia ... against MPO • Complement ... (Low levels mixed ... #rheumatology #classification
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Classification
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Type 1
 - Mediators: lgE
 - Antigen Form: Soluble
Allergen-specific lgE causes ... antigens, leading to complement ... they activate complement ... Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis ... allergy #table #classification
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low Mean Corpuscular ... #Anemia #MCV #Classification ... #Causes #Hematology
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• They can cause ... Skin ulcers - Glomerulonephritis ... factor level • Low ... serum C4 complement ... diagnosis #types #classification
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
in monitoring low-level ... or alternative complement ... infections are common causes ... workup #diagnosis #glomerulonephritis
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
- Differential Algorithm ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #causes ... nephrology #sodium #low