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diagnosis rheumatology differential classification sle disease erythematosus glomerular glomerulonephritis hematology management nephrology nephrotic systemic testing workup agglutinin allergy anemia cardiology
Pathophysiology of Hypocomplementemic Urticarial Vasculitis C1q/anti-C1q antibiody -> Immune Complex Formation - Complement Pathway Activation (C3a and C5a)
Pathophysiology ... of Hypocomplementemic ... Complex Formation - Complement ... TerrierBen #Hypocomplementemic ... #HUV #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... A - Atypical HUS ... 1 (50%-80%), type ... S - Systemic Lupus ... #Low #Complement
Cryoglobulinemia Summary Cryoglobulins: • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• Infections: HCV ... infection, HBV ... infection, HIV infection ... • Low serum C4 complement ... (e.g. systemic lupus
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework When to Consider Vasculitis: • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions •
often involved • Hypocomplementemic ... Urticaria and hypocomplementemia ... inflammation Others: • Lupus ... such as systemic lupus ... against MPO • Complement
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... staining): • Low Complement ... Post-strep GN, Lupus ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
Hypersensitivity Types ... antigen, leading to complement ... Complement activation ... , and systemic lupus ... Classification #Pathophysiology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Pathogenesis • Genetic factors (Mutations in HLA- DR2/HLA-DR3 genes, complement genes, cytokine
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... HLA-DR3 genes, complement ... self-antigens, activating complement ... #Systemic #Lupus ... Erythematosus #SLE #Pathophysiology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) Suspect: Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
anti-Smith Ab, low complements ... ANCA-associated vasculitis ... Kikuchi disease • Type-I ... • Mesenteric vasculitis ... RNP antibodies, Complement
Causes of Pericarditis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Viral: • Coxsackie • Echovirus • Adenovirus • Epstein-Barr virus
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cytomegalovirus • HIV ... arthritis • Systemic lupus ... spondyloarthropathies • Vasculitis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous ... Subacute cutaneous lupus ... Discoid Rash • UV ... Livedo Reticularis, Vasculitis ... Manifestations #pathophysiology
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