92 results
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... @AnnKumfer #Hypocomplementemia ... #Low #Complement
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes and Mimics - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
90%:
 -
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes ... anti-GBM) 10%: - Low Complement ... Levels: SLE, Cryoglobulinemic ... Antiphospholipid Syndrome ... Vasculitis - Normal Complement
Humoral Immunity - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Antigens (Ag) are produced from pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites)
activation • Complement ... C3 complement fragment ... : Abs activate complement ... classical pathway (see ... Complement Activation
Atypical HUS - Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Unlike typical HUS, which is shigatoxin mediated, aHUS is not typically
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ... autoimmune like SLE ... It is complement ... with Eculizumab (complement ... Hemolytic #Uremic #Syndrome
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... Syndrome Step ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndrome ... #Comparison #Algorithm
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
often involved • Hypocomplementemic ... Urticaria and hypocomplementemia ... • Cogan Syndrome ... against MPO • Complement ... vasculitis, and SLE
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
Induced Lupus vs ... 90% - Low complement ... Erythematosus (SLE ... are evocative of SLE ... 80% - Low complement
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Pathogenesis

 • Genetic factors (Mutations in HLA- DR2/HLA-DR3 genes, complement genes, cytokine
Erythematosus (SLE ... HLA-DR3 genes, complement ... self-antigens, activating complement ... cytokines such as ... Erythematosus #SLE
Nephrotic Syndrome - Primary vs Secodary - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

#Nephrotic #Syndrome #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Primary #Secondary
Nephrotic Syndrome ... - Primary vs Secodary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Nephrotic #Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... (ST-HUS) - Complement-mediated ... formerly known as ... anemia" • HELLP syndrome