142 results
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
— Normal Bile Ducts ... - Dilated Bile Ducts ... • Common Bile Duct ... Stone • Biliary ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
- Usually has Duct ... on Ultrasound Biliary ... Duct Compression ... Gallstones • Biliary ... Algorithm #Causes #Hepatology
Cholestatic Liver Disease: Primary Biliary Cirrhosis vs Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

#pathophysiology #pbc #psc #hepatology #comparison
Disease: Primary Biliary ... pathophysiology #pbc #psc #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... intralobular bile ducts ... No extrahepatic biliary ... malignancy #Primary #Biliary ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
Environmental Risk Factors: Geographic location, Smoking, Microbial triggers, Xenobiotics, Nail polish
Epigentics Risk
Primary Biliary ... gradual loss of bile ducts ... inflammation and biliary ... #PBC #Primary #Biliary ... Pathophysiology #hepatology
Causes of Severe Acute Liver Injury
 - Ichemic hepatitis
 - Acute biliary obstruction
 - Drug-Induced liver
hepatitis - Acute biliary ... Hemochromatosis - Primary biliary ... #Differential #Hepatology
Classification for benign biliary strictures
Bismuth classification
I - Low CHD stricture, > 2 cm distal to hilum
II
Classification for benign biliary ... continuity with biliary ... continuity with biliary ... Classification #biliary ... strictures #diagnosis #hepatology
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
Drugs - Primary biliary ... PSC - Other biliary ... diseases/Bile duct ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hepatology
Hypereosinophilia and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome

 • Secondary Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
 • Clinically Relevant HES Variants
 • When to
suspect underlying hematologic ... Diagnosis and Treatment ... Syndrome #HES #Hematology
Biochemistry and Metabolism of Bilirubin
Hemolysis → Hemoglobin → Heme → Biliverdin → Unconjugated Bilirubin (a.k.a. "indirect
bile via hepatic ducts ... and common bile duct ... pathophysiology #hepatology