13 results
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... • Low EABV (e.g ... • Obstruction High ... • NSAlDs #Hyperkalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
WBC count cause ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... unless worrisome EKG ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... disorders including hypokalemia ... renal bruit or signs ... hormonal excess or hypokalaemia ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia
Pseudohyperkalemia vs Reverse Hyperkalemia

Pseudohyperkalemia and reverse pseudohyperkalemia are both conditions where potassium levels appear falsely elevated.

Pseudohyperkalemia:
This
Pseudohyperkalemia vs Reverse Hyperkalemia ... • No clinical signs ... of hyperkalemia ... No symptoms of hyperkalemia ... Pseudohyperkalemia #Reverse #Hyperkalemia
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
→ Syncope • Signs ... High body temperatures ... Hypoglycemia - Hypocalcemia ... - Hyperkalemia ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... structurally similar, positively ... axis; T risk of hyperkalemia ... antiphospholipid syndrome #Hyperkalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #High
Causes of ST Segment Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Framework

STEMI:
 • Upsloping convex STE: "Pardee's sign" +
Causes of ST Segment ... Disorders: • Hyperkalemia ... no P waves • Hypercalcemia ... • Short QT, high ... #ekg #electrocardiogram
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Epidemiology 1) High ... hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia ... patients) and/or hypercalcuria ... of diagnosis (e.g ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Causes purpura & ... High mortality. ... • Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: ... diagnosis #management #hematology
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
and Mg2+ whose positive ... we introduce a high ... K+ in the ECF causes ... Hyperkalemia, a ... The high CL- content