11 results
Mydriasis and Miosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Causes of Mydriasis:
Dilated pupils (mydriasis) more than 7mm
 • Unilateral
more than 7mm • Unilateral ... Mydriasis • Bilateral ... less than 2mm • Unilateral ... , uveitis) • Bilateral ... #ophthalmology
Causes of Anterior Uveitis - Differential Diagnosis
Anterior Uveitis - 90% of cases of Uveitis
 • Inflammation
retina or choroid Unilateral ... Sarcoid, JIA Bilateral ... • Idiopathic: Unilateral ... /bilateral up to ... #Causes #ophthalmology
Unilateral Fixed Dilated Pupil - Differential Diagnosis Framework
If Altered Mental Status - Consider Oculomotor (3rd cranial
Unilateral Fixed ... nerve) Palsy: • Brain ... SAH, tumor • Posterior ... no neurological cause ... abnormalities #Unilateral
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
photophobia - Bilateral ... headache: - Bilateral ... or unilateral photophobia ... - Unilateral ... #ophthalmology
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
and Metabolic Brain ... ATL With Posterior ... Vasogenic Edema: PRES Unilateral ... Toxicology #Metabolic #Brain ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Leigh Syndrome 
History: 19-month-old girl with hypotonia, developmental 
delay, failure to thrive, and bilateral optic disc
to thrive, and bilateral ... Mitochondrial disorder ... findings can show bilateral ... Clinical #MRI #Brain ... #Diagnosis #Radiology
Intermittent Bilateral Exophthalmos (Alternating Exophthalmos and Enophthalmos) on Physical Exam

Observing this patient in silence for a
Intermittent Bilateral ... usually describe a unilateral ... this patient- bilateral ... #Alternating #Bilateral ... #ophthalmology
Floaters - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Vitreous Floaters:
• Microscopic collagen fibers within the vitreous that tend to clump
Symptoms: Sudden • Unilateral ... colored lights, bilateral ... hypotension - bilateral ... Occipital lobe disorders ... #Ocular #ophthalmology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
through the blood-brain ... show symmetric bilateral ... Diagnosis: MRI ... PML (JC virus) Brain ... white matter and posterior
Red Eye - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Redness in the eye can be caused by many conditions and
- Differential Diagnosis ... , anterior and posterior ... Questions to Ask: • Unilateral ... or bilateral symptoms ... #ophthalmology