23 results
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... ) • Liver failure ... tubular necrosis (causes ... Classification #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... #nephrology #causes
Side Effects of the Neobladder - Pathophysiology
 • Hercalciuria → Kidney Stones
 • Bone Resorption →
Hercalciuria → Kidney ... • Salt Loss Syndrome ... Increased burden on liver ... and kidnevs ... #Urology #Diagnosis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... • Diagnosis of ... heart failure, liver ... stones caused by ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Alzheimer's (99% of cases ... mutations - Down syndrome ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis
Comprehensive pathogenesis of IgA Nephropathy (i.e Berger’s Disease). 

IgA Nephropathy is the most common cause of
the most common cause ... more common in Liver ... BergersDisease #clinical ... NephriticSyndrome #Kidney ... InternalMedicine #Pediatrics
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... heart failure, neurologic ... disturbance, or acute kidney ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... Neurologic disorders
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
synthesized in: liver ... tubule of the kidney ... Most cases diagnosed ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... respiratory failure • Neurologic
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... renal failure Clinical ... at the time of diagnosis ... heart (2-5%), liver
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause ... #neurology