10 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... basement membrane disease ... hematuria • Signs ... of glomerular disease ... #urology #nephrology
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
tumour, stone, BPH, urethral ... poorly coapting urethra ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Pathophysiology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Urology
Causes of Hematuria - Glomerular vs Non-glomerular

== Glomerular ==
- Glomerulonephritis 
- Thin basement membrane disease 

==
Causes of Hematuria ... malformation Ureter ... - Polyp Bladder ... Hematuria #Glomerular #Algorithm ... #Differential #Urology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... intrinsic renal disease ... early (distal urethra ... tract), terminal (bladder ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... • Meniere's Disease ... symptoms/signs, ... Dizziness #Vertigo #Neurology ... #Causes
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... Blockage of the Blood ... Sarcoidosis, Behcet disease ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... differential #algorithm
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
involvement: Intractable nausea ... mainly AQP4-lgG disease ... paresthesia to paresis, Bladder ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... /symptoms or echo ... cultures/serology ... cultures/serology ... - Infectious Diseases
Chagas Disease - American Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is an infectious
caused by the protozoan ... Blood (platelets ... Romana's sign ... /symptoms, positive ... serology, smear
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
, and bowel or bladder ... Autonomic: Bowel/Bladder ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... diagnosis #management #neurology