31 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... , Milk Alkali Syndrome ... Drugs, Endocrine disorders ... , Viral Syndromes ... hypercalcemia, Infantile
Causes of Proximal Muscle Weakness That May Mimic Inflammatory Myopathy
 • Central or peripheral neurologic disease
or peripheral neurologic ... disease • Myasthenia ... gravis • Muscular ... mimics #diagnosis #differential ... #causes #neurology
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
Parinaud's Syndrome ... retraction (Collier's sign ... → "setting sun sign ... " - Vascular disease ... diagnosis #pineal #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
and less common diseases ... polychondritis • Behcet disease ... optica spectrum disorder ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... retraction (Collier's sign ... "setting sun" sign ... • Vascular disease ... #neurology #diagnosis
Confabulation
What? Honest Lie.  
No incoming sensory information + Filling of the blanks with different information
Diseases: Korsakoff ... , Anton's Syndrome ... Blindness, Psychiatric Disorders ... Confabulation #differential ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Causes of Peripheral Weakness without Sensory Changes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No Objective Weakness
 • Cardio-pulmonary disease
Cardio-pulmonary disease ... • Endocrine Disease ... Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome ... Peripheral #Weakness #Neurology ... #Differential #
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... Non-neuromuscular disorder ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... aminotransferases • Serology ... #Diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Demyelinating Disease ... Guillain-Barre syndrome ... Mitochondrial myopathy, Muscular ... Weakness #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Bradykinetic Movement Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Parkinson's Disease (TRAP):
• Resting Tremor
• Cogwheel Rigidity
• Akinesia/Bradykinesia
•
Bradykinetic Movement Disorders ... - Differential ... Algorithm Parkinson's Disease ... • Cerebellar signs ... MovementDisorders #Neurology