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diagnosis causes hyperkalemia high hypokalemia management algorithm aspirin elevation gitelman lactate lactic pathophysiology salicylate syndrome toxicity toxicology typea typeb
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
consumption • Low ... - Metabolic acidosis ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management Consider if: 1) Patient is hot and altered 2) You see tachypnea with
Pulmonary edema, Shock ... High Lactate, Low ... Potassium, Low ... 4.5 mmol/L 4) K ... diagnosis #management #Treatment
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... • Recent IV potassium ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... • Recent IV potassium ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Redistribution: Acidosis ... , rhabdo/crush injury ... ) • Low K diet ... Slow - don’t delay ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... liver or renal injury ... ->treatments include ... LV failure - Low ... #typea #typeb #classification
Causes of Hypokalemia I. Decreased intake A. Starvation B. Clay ingestion II. Redistribution into
infarction, head injury ... stimulation of Na*/K+ ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Classification
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
Acidosis B. ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #High #Potassium ... #Classification
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