14 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Normal acid-base status ... to diarrhea, a high ... high in kidney ... , a high urine chloride ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
anion-gap metabolic acidosis ... Dizziness, Altered, Seizure ... , Respiratory Alkalosis ... , High Lactate, ... Resuscitation 2) Urine
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
volume contracted: urine ... chloridorrhea) • Status ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... volume expanded: urine ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... urinary losses: • High ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Metabolic acidosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Toxins - Drugs - Statins ... Weakness - Dark urine ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Management of Convulsive Status Epilepticus in children
Stabilization Phase (Seizure 0-5 minutes):
 • Check and maintain ABC
Management of Convulsive ... Status Epilepticus ... • Give high flow ... Refractory Status ... #Management #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... - Hyperosmolar states ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #nephrology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Movement disorders, Seizure ... Induction Rx: high-dose ... Secondary prevention (statin ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology ... cerebritis #diagnosis #management
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Measure urine osmolality ... Assess volume status ... of symptomatic (seizures ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... - Hyperosmolar states ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #nephrology