139 results
Insulin Dosing Basics - Initiating Insulin for T2DM and Converting Insulin Products 

Insulin dosing can be
Insulin Dosing Basics ... - Initiating Insulin ... and Converting Insulin ... we are seeing a movement ... run into patient cases
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
minutes) Decrease potassium ... Fluids Shift potassium ... intracellularly: • Insulin ... Sodium bicarbonate Potassium ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Decreased renal potassium ... Drugs Increased potassium ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology
Hypoglycemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Workup:
 • Sulfonylurea Labs
 • Anti-lnsulin Ab - Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome
 •
cell tumor with high ... metabolic demand causes ... Serum glucose, Insulin ... Sulfonylurea Misuse • Insulin ... Misuse • Insulin
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Excretion (IV potassium ... #Hyperkalemia #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... K+ into cells: Insulin ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... paralysis - Insulin ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Administration of inulin ... mmol creatinine) High ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypertensive: • High ... aldosteronism • High ... Al, High R - Secondary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo and Lightheadedness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • True Vertigo - Illusion
Causes of Dizziness ... Illusion of Rotary Movement ... Vertigo #Dizzy #Neurology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes