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Diabetic Ketoacidosis 
Management Priorities
1. Fluids 
2. Insulin 
3. Potassium 
4. Acidosis 
5. Re-establish oral fluids,
Insulin 3. ... Potassium 4. ... subcutaneous insulin ... underlying cause #DKA
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
easily outweighs Insulin ... of circulating Insulin ... DKA is essentially ... Treat with Insulin ... provided the starting potassium
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
transfusions), ↓insulin ... (DM, DKA, octreotide ... Treatments: • Insulin ... Give D50 before insulin ... Management #Treatment #potassium
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... HHS) Absolute Insulin ... Type I DM: No insulin ... stresses that ↑ insulin ... Polydipsia #dka
Pathophysiology and Effects of Insulin Deficiency

#Insulin #Deficiency #DKA #Ketoacidosis #Diabetes #Pathophysiology #Endocrinology
and Effects of Insulin ... Deficiency #Insulin ... #Deficiency #DKA
SGLT2 Inhibitors and Euglycemic DKA

Risk factors for euglycemic DKA in those on an SGLT2i include:
 •
and Euglycemic DKA ... for euglycemic DKA ... • Increased insulin ... and surgery) • Insulin ... Consideration of insulin
Pathogenesis of Diabetic Ketoacidosis - Insulin deficiency or severe insulin insensitivity 

#DKA #Pathophysiology #Endocrinology #Diabetes #Ketoacidosis
Ketoacidosis - Insulin ... deficiency or severe insulin ... insensitivity #DKA
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA ... Patients with DKA ... Continue insulin ... and subcutaneous insulin ... #DKA #EDKA #Insulin
DKA vs HHS
 - Think of DKA and HHS on a spectrum of hyperglycemic emergencies
 -
DKA vs HHS - Think ... of DKA and HHS ... emergencies - HHS = insulin ... restart any home insulin ... look like overlap DKA
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... ) DKA is a result ... Insulin is the primary ... the absence of insulin ... In DKA, the normal