608 results
Causes of Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Hyperkalemia is caused ... excess potassium intake ... increased potassium intake ... rarely the sole cause
Causes of Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia results from abnormal losses, transcellular shifts, or insufficient intake (Table 1).6–8 Abnormal losses
Causes of Hypokalemia ... or insufficient intake ... (Table 1).6–8 Abnormal ... , insufficient intake ... rarely the sole cause
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Decreased GI Uptake ... - Poor dietary intake ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
- Massive PO intake ... High #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Serum Mg: GI losses, Renal losses, Alcoholism, Malnutrition, Drug-Induced
Drug-Induced • Intact ... resistance) • Intact ... losses, Low dietary intake ... sunlight • Other Causes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Failure to Thrive
 - Inadequate intake 
 - Inadequate retention 
 - Malabsorption
Causes of Failure ... - Inadequate intake ... FailureToThrive #FTT #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Inadequate water intake ... Excessive salt intake ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... • Increased Intake ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... • High protein intake ... • High salt intake ... • High protein intake ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Diagnosis Poor Intake ... Low #Potassium #Table ... Classification #Causes