213 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Elevation == Decreased ... Asplenia Laboratory Interference ... Reduction == Increase ... HgbA1c #Laboratory #Increase ... #Decrease #Diagnosis
Medications for High-Altitude Sickness 
Acetazolarnide 
 • Carbonic Anydrase Inhibitor Bicarb diuresis & metabolic Acidosis ->
Dexamethasone • Decrease ... vasogenic edema • Decrease ... Nifedipine • Decreases ... pulmonary arterial
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)

Expiratory & Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure
Both increase intrathoracic pressure, which can decrease
pressure, which can decrease ... Both can decrease ... In CHF, decreases ... exacerbation (cardiogenic pulmonary ... Cannot tolerate decreased
Auto-PEEP 
What is Auto-PEEP?
 • Progressive air trapping & dynamic hyperinflation → ↑Palv at end expiration
barotrauma and decreased ... • Decrease airway ... I:E ratio, decrease ... RR) • Decrease ... AutoPEEP #PEEP #pulmonary
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
Diagnosis Framework DECREASED ... • Low PATM Can decrease ... • Rising PaCO2 decreases ... lung diseases, pulmonary ... asthma, COPD, pulmonary
Hoover's sign on Physical Exam
Paradoxical retraction of the lower intercostal spaces on inspiration
Pulmonary hyperinflation → flattening
on inspiration Pulmonary ... flattened diaphragm decreases ... PhysicalExam #Clinical #Video ... #Respiratory #pulmonary
Capnography Waveforms
Sudden loss of waveform
 • ET tube disconnected, dislodged, kinked or obstructec
 • Loss of
10mmHg Sudden increase ... Hyperventilation Decreased ... #EndTidalCO2 #pulmonary
Pulmonary Function Testing: Flow Volume Loop Patterns
 • Variable extra-thoracic obstruction - truncated or flattened inspiratory
Pulmonary Function ... expiratory flows and an increase ... expiratory flow with decreased ... FlowVolume #Loops #pulmonary
Echocardiographic Findings of Acute Right Ventricular Strain
 - Increased RV:LV Size Ratio
 - Abnormal Septal Motion
Regurgitation - Elevated Pulmonary ... Systolic Pressure - Decreased ... TAPSE - Decreased ... Speckle Tracking: Decreased
Reported Mechanisms and Toxicity of Investigational Treatments for SARS-COV-2
Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine
 • Mechanisms: Interference with ligand
• Mechanisms: Interference ... ligand binding, interference ... into cytosol, decreased ... • Mechanism: Interference