8 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Inadequate ... intake: • Lack of access ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... consciousness • No access ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Workup ... thirst, Lack of access ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Cardiac Arrest - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

The probable cause is one or more of: something
• If i.v. access ... impossible use intraosseous ... CardiacArrest #Checklist #Differential ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
the excretion of sodium ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... angiotensin inhibitors, meds ... distal tubule sodium ... #potassium #high
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management