2988 results
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... Increased renal and intestinal ... Hypercalcemia #Malignancy #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
osteomalacia • Intestinal ... Syndrome #Nutrition #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Intestinal Hookworm Life Cycle
1) Eggs in feces
2) Rhabditiform larva hatches
3) Development to filariform larva in environment
4)
Intestinal Hookworm ... Adults in small intestine ... enter the small intestine ... #Hookworm #Intestinal ... lifecycle #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Echinococcus Life Cycle
1) Adult in small intestine eggs
2) Embryonated egg in feces
3) Oncosphere hatches; penetrates intestinal
Adult in small intestine ... hatches; penetrates intestinal ... Scolex attaches to intestine ... LifeCycle #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Strongyloides Stercoralis Lifecycle
Free-Living Cycle:
1) Rhabditiform larvae in the intestine are excreted in stool. 
2) Development into
larvae in the intestine ... female in small intestine ... and migrate to intestinal ... larvae in large intestine ... LifeCycle #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Causes of Intestinal Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis
Lesions Extrinsic to the Intestinal Wall:
 • Adhesions: Postoperative, Congenital,
Causes of Intestinal ... Obstruction - Differential ... Extrinsic to the Intestinal ... • Congenital: Intestinal ... #Obstruction #Differential
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
Hypercalcemia: ↑ intestinal ... Calcium #Phosphorus #pathophysiology
Causes of Pediatric Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Dietary / Functional:
 • Insufficient Volume / Bulk
Neurologic:
 •
Constipation - Differential ... Anal Atresia • Intestinal ... Stenosis • Intestinal ... #Constipation #Differential
Gastric Acid Secretion - Pathophysiology
Chief cell - Pepsinogen
Parietal cell - Acid, Intrinsic factor
G cell - Gastrin
Inhibitors:
Acid Secretion - Pathophysiology ... Intestinal - Passage ... Acid #Secretion #Pathophysiology
Vitamin D Metabolism
Fat-soluble vitamin
Sources: dermal synthesis and food (dairy products, fish)
Active form: calcitriol (1,25-OH Vitamin D)
Main
D) Main role: intestinal ... endocrinology #pathophysiology