12 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Renal tubular acidosis ... (Types 1 and 2, ... but not type 4) ... Catecholamines - Alkalosis ... #Causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
are listed as Type ... Elevation Type ... Nonhypoxic • Type ... - Alcohol • Type ... #typea #typeb #
Shock Classification Types - Pathophysiology Comparison

Obstructive Shock:
 • Obstructive shock is characterized by a blockage in
Shock Classification ... Types - Pathophysiology ... caused by a massive ... Depends on the cause ... #Shock #Types #Pathophysiology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Metabolic Acidosis ... FE-HCO3 • RTA Type ... Cell Problem - Low ... TTKG • RTA Type ... High TTKG • RTA Type
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... AQP-2 gene - Acquired ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... syndrome (11-ß HSD type ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Metabolic acidosis ... Hypoaldosteronism • Acquired ... Failure • SLE • Type ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Hyperoxaluria type ... Cystine: Cystinuria type ... , Glycogenosis type ... Bartter Syndrome type ... 1-4, Lowe Syndrome
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Metabolic acidosis ... Hypoaldosteronism • Acquired ... Failure • SLE • Type ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... Aldosterone, RTA Type ... only if no clear cause ... ) • Low K diet ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology