10 results
Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
 • Diabetic Ketoacidosis ± Hyperglycemia ± Hyperosmolar
 • Alcoholic Ketoacidosis ± Hyperglycemia
Anion Gap Metabolic ... Hyperglycemia • Shock ... amzn.to/3rEtbK8 #AnionGap ... #Metabolic #Acidosis ... #differential #
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Hypokalemia ... exchange resins #aniongap ... #NonGap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #differential
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis with Elevated Anion Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated Anion Gap > 12
Causes of Metabolic ... Acidosis with Elevated ... Anion Gap - Differential ... • Shock • Drugs ... MetabolicAcidosis #AnionGap
Metabolic Acidosis with Anion Gap - KILU Mnemonic

K - Ketoacidosis
	• DKA
		- With normal glucose, ask if
Metabolic Acidosis ... hypoxia (e.g. shock ... KILU #Mnemonic #AnionGap ... #Metabolic #Acidosis ... #diagnosis #differential
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Obstructive uropathy, Metabolic ... causes (e.g., hypokalemia ... , hypercalcemia) ... Treatment is aimed ... Nephrology #Diagnosis #Differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... Hypoaldosteronism • Acquired ... #differential #
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... Hypoaldosteronism • Acquired ... #differential #
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... impairment of cellular metabolism ... sweat) - its metabolism ... ->treatments include ... before beginning treatment
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Infection/Sepsis/Shock ... Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Reversible course Differential ... Drug toxicity, Metabolic ... epilepticus Treatment
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypomagnesemia • Metabolic ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment