11 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... alkalosis • Kidney ... of sodium and potassium ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
show anion-gap metabolic ... Pulmonary edema, Shock ... Alkalosis, High ... Lactate, Low Potassium ... diagnosis #management #Treatment
Metabolic Acidosis with Anion Gap - KILU Mnemonic

K - Ketoacidosis
	• DKA
		- With normal glucose, ask if
Metabolic Acidosis ... salicylates (+ resp alkalosis ... hypoxia (e.g. shock ... #Acidosis #diagnosis ... #differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... acidosis: Proximal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... • Severe potassium ... #Alkalosis #Differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • Recent IV potassium ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... Hypoaldosteronism • Acquired
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • Recent IV potassium ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... Hypoaldosteronism • Acquired
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... impairment of cellular metabolism ... sweat) - its metabolism ... ->treatments include ... before beginning treatment
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
which all carry treatment ... The metabolism of ... provided the starting potassium ... #diagnosis #differential ... algorithm #management #treatment