17 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Pathogenesis and clinical ... nerve layer -> Flame ... causes upregulation ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Double Vision - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinical Pearls ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... drawing blood (ischemia-induced ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Pupillary Defects - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... inner retina and flame ... fluffy white ischemic ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Important Causes ... Diplopia TIER 1-CRITICAL ... Ophthalmoplegic migraine, Ischemic ... mass #Diplopia #differential ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Is visual loss caused ... Clinical manifestations ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Age Related Macular Degeneration: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Photoreceptor atrophy 
-> Extracellular debris (drusen) from RPE atrophy/metabolism
Pathogenesis and clinical ... choroidal bed -> Ischemia ... > Straight but faded ... MacularDegeneration #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Portal venous gas on hepatic ultrasound: A concerning finding in the critically ill patient that should
gas on hepatic ultrasound ... reflection on the differential ... i.e. mesenteric ischemia ... variety of other causes ... #liver #pocus #clinical
Diagnostic approach to the admitted patient with possible COVID-19

Initial evaluation
- Chest X-ray
- Lung ultrasound (thorough "lawn-mower"
X-ray - Lung ultrasound ... - CBC with differential ... diagnostics as clinically ... iBookCC #COVID19 #algorithm ... #schema #Diagnosis