11 results
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
Infection (EBV/CMV), Alcoholic ... cirrhosis, Portal ... 5-10x normal - Chronic ... AST:ALT > 2.5 - Alcoholic ... Liver #Injury #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... • Autoimmune ... hepatitis • Drugs ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... #Causes
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
Schistosomiasis - Autoimmune ... Sarcoidosis Toxic - Alcohol ... heart failure (chronic ... #Differential #Hepatology ... #Cirrhosis #Causes
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Inflammatory • Alcoholic ... HepatitisAutoimmune ... Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... #Causes #Hepatology
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
Causes of Acute ... HSV • Toxic: Alcohol ... Other: NAFLD, Autoimmune ... #Acute #algorithm ... #hepatology
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
for alternative causes ... HEV, EBV, CMV), Alcohol-related ... disease, Hepatic ischaemia ... steatosis • Autoimmune ... #hepatology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue ... Epstein-Barr Virus • Hepatitis ... • HIV Autoimmune ... Alcohol) • Drug ... #causes
Sensorineural Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Asymmetric Sensorineural Hearing Loss: 
 • Neoplastic (Vestibular Schwannoma)
 •
HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis ... Teratogenic drugs, Alcohol ... Cardiovascular Ischemia ... Meniere's Disease • Autoimmune ... #Causes
Hepatocellular Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework:
Liver Injury → liver test abnormalities without evidence of liver
Drugs (MDMA), Alcohol ... • Vascular: Ischemic ... Other: NAFLD, Autoimmune ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology ... #algorithm #Transaminitis
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Vascular Causes ... : Autoimmune hepatitis ... ALT Ratios: • Alcoholic ... : < 1 • Cirrhosis ... #hepatology