19 results
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
albumin gradient ... protein ≤ 2.5 g/dL: Cirrhosis ... syndrome, Massive liver ... #hepatology #differential ... #diagnosis #algorithm
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
Serum Ascites Albumin ... - Alcoholic hepatitis ... - Massive liver ... associated with bowel ischemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
Patterns of Liver ... > 50x normal - Ischemic ... CMV), Alcoholic cirrhosis ... #Patterns #Liver ... #Injury #hepatology
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Ascites - Differential ... Diagnosis Chronic liver ... disease (cirrhosis ... or chronic hepatitis ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Indications for Albumin for Management of Cirrhosis
 • Large volume paracentesis (>5 liter) - 8g per
Indications for Albumin ... Management of Cirrhosis ... of ascites removed ... terlipressin #Albumin ... #treatment #hepatology
Elevated Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Mild (<100-500): 
 • NAFLD
 • Cirrhosis
 •
• NAFLD • Cirrhosis ... Chronic Viral Hepatitis ... • Acute Viral Hepatitis ... injury) • Ischemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
of portal HTN: ascites ... portal HTN: • Ascites ... INR, bilirubin, albumin ... /acute hepatitis ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Non-Malignant • Fatty Liver ... Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... • Alcoholic hepatitis ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm ... disease, Hepatic ischaemia ... disorder (e.g. ascites ... ), Chronic hepatitis ... #hepatology