33 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Pathogenesis and clinical ... re-vascularize the ischemic ... Localized retinal ischemia ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... that will cause ischemia ... Lumbar Puncture, EEG ... cerebritis #diagnosis #management
Myocarditis
Diagnosis 
• Endomyocardial biopsy (gold standard, rarely performed) 
• Clinical presentation 
• Cardiovascular MRI 
Clinical 
•
performed) • Clinical ... Cardiovascular MRI Clinical ... gallop • Abnormal ECG ... , echocardiogram ... cardiac death Management
Diagnostic approach to the admitted patient with possible COVID-19

Initial evaluation
- Chest X-ray
- Lung ultrasound (thorough "lawn-mower"
diagnostics as clinically ... indicated (e.g. ... echocardiogram, ... EKG) Dr. ... COVID19 #algorithm #schema
Type A Dissection on POCUS (PLAX view)

39 yo M w CP drops his BP in ED.
Non-ischemic EKG ... Aortic #Aorta #Echocardiogram ... #PLAX #Clinical
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... causes fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Pathogenesis and clinical ... edema caused by ischemia ... axons death due to ischemia ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Checklist Approach to Hypokalemia

Consider risk factors for arrhythmia:
 - EKG changes (especially QT prolongation)
 - Digoxin
arrhythmia: - EKG ... - Myocardial ischemia ... incongruous with clinical ... Internet Book of Critical ... #Hypokalemia #Management
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... AKI, acute limb ischemia ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... unless worrisome EKG ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Age Related Macular Degeneration: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Photoreceptor atrophy 
-> Extracellular debris (drusen) from RPE atrophy/metabolism
Pathogenesis and clinical ... choroidal bed -> Ischemia ... MacularDegeneration #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology