14 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... nerve layer -> Flame ... causes upregulation ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
inner retina and flame ... fluffy white ischemic ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... AKI, acute limb ischemia ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... : • Pathophysiology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... autoantibodies that will cause ... ischemia and/or ... Puncture, EEG Treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... decreased renal renal ischemia ... Management #Summary #causes ... #treatment
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Is visual loss caused ... Doppler US : halo sign ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
retinal edema caused ... by ischemia results ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Behçet's Syndrome ... retinal tears, Ischemia ... Arthritis, AS Treatment ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... diagnosis #management #signs
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
Signs of congestion ... acute coronary syndrome ... the determined cause ... #differential #algorithm ... #table #foamed