32 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... causes upregulation ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
fluffy white ischemic ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Anaphylaxis: Signs and Symptoms
Anaphylaxis: when any egg of three conditions is met:
1. Acute onset of skin/mucosal
Anaphylaxis: Signs and Symptoms ... / Complications ... e.g. arrythmias, ischemia ... #Anaphylaxis #pathophysiology ... #immunology #diagnosis
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Neurologic symptoms ... a mass as the cause ... Migraine is a diagnosis ... #Ophthalmology
Persistent Pupillary Membrane (PPM) on Slit Lamp Ocular Examination

This membrane would be a remainder of the
large enough to cause ... low vision or symptoms ... PhysicalExam #clinical #video ... #ophthalmology ... #SlitLamp
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Is visual loss caused ... the optic nerve caused ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Myopathy (Also caused ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
/ Complications ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
chromosome 21) Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms