68 results
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Nerve Tumor • Retinal ... • Botulism Pharmacologic ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension ... fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Approach to Possible Hypertensive Emergency

criteria required to diagnose hypertensive emergency
(1) Severe hypertension
 - Usually a MAP
mm is needed to cause ... - Myocardial ischemia ... type-II myocardial ischemia ... proteinuria, or chronic renal ... Emergency #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... into the deeper retinal ... ischemia -> Venous ... ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology
Uveitis - Definition, Causes and SUN Classification

Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and/or choroid
Incidence
- Definition, Causes ... body, vitreous, retina ... secondary glaucoma and retinal ... ischemia Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Ophthalmology
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
Macular hole • Hypertensive ... Concussion Other Causes ... • Visual field defect ... differential #diagnosis #ophthalmology ... #causes
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
arrhythmias, congenital defects ... edema caused by ... ischemia results ... axons death due to ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
and Secondary Causes ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Secondary Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Common Vasopressors and Inotropes
Norepinephrine (NE)
 - Indication: Distributive shock (1st line for septic shock), Cardiogenic shock
Arrythmias, Peripheral ischemia ... : Peripheral ischemia ... Arrhythmias, Peripheral ischemia ... Bradyarrhythmias, Some cases ... comparison #table #pharmacology