23 results
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
GCA, SLE, GPA) - ... edema caused by ... ischemia results ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Is visual loss caused ... the optic nerve caused ... Doppler US : halo sign ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
: • Purpura, ischemic ... tract, and often causes ... and branches • GCA ... purpura: strong sign ... Large Vessel: Blood
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... pain hematuria syndrome ... hematuria • Signs ... Diagnostic of GN or vasculitis ... #urine #blood
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Investigations: full blood ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... syndrome: troponin
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
of the terminal retinal ... fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Nerve Tumor • Retinal ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... damage such as retinal ... hypertension (blood ... bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta, Vasculitis
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
: • Purpura, ischemic ... pulmonary and renal ... purpura: Strong sign ... pulses, bruits, or blood ... tract, and often causes
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
, small-vessel vasculitis ... vasculitis) • ... tears, Ischemia ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... diagnosis #management #signs