11 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... DR • Weakened BRB ... ischemia -> Venous ... ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers 
Recommended Dose Conversions 

Valsartan 
Irbesartan 
Losartan 
Olmesartan 
Telmisartan 
Candesartan 
Azilsartan 
Eprosartan 

A few
, CV benefits, renal ... initiating an ARB ... Receptor #Blockers #ARB ... #Conversion #Table ... #Dosing #Pharmacology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
/exudative • BRB ... leakage from damaged BRB ... fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Nerve Tumor • Retinal ... • Botulism Pharmacologic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
hyperlactatemia are ... ischemia or the ... source of energy, conversion ... - regional ischemia ... - Mesenteric ischemia
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
cell/white cell casts ... , extremities (ischemia ... inflammation of the retina ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... ischemia 2. ... per day until stable ... Diagnosis #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Inpatient Medication Guide

Classes: Biguanide, Sulfonylurea, TZD, DPP-4 inhibitor, GLP-1 receptor agonist, SGLT2i,
Medication Guide Classes ... insulin requirements are ... insulin dose for renal ... #Medications #pharmacology ... #comparison #table
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Medications: K+, ACEi/ARBs ... /crush injury, ischemia ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST (ARB) DOSING:
TOOL FOR SWITCHING BETWEEN AGENTS IN CANADA
The information provided is intended
RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST (ARB ... potassium and renal ... ReceptorBlocker #Pharmacology ... #Conversion #Switching ... #Equivalent #Table