55 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... significant retinal ischemia ... Localized retinal ischemia ... causes upregulation ... #pathophysiology
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia ... of cardiac ischaemia ... factors for cardiac ischaemia ... possible. ❺ If ischaemia ... #Cardiac #Ischemia
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiovascular Causes:
 - Outflow Obstruction
     • Aortic
- Differential Diagnosis ... Aortic Stenosis - Ischemic ... Infarction • Stable ... Angina - Non-lschemic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Approach to Altered Level of Consciousness - Workup
Clinical Exam - Focal
 • Trauma
 •
Causes of Approach ... Consciousness - Workup ... Hemorrhage • Ischemia ... #diagnosis #workup ... #algorithm #Causes
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Uveitis - Definition, Causes and SUN Classification

Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and/or choroid
Incidence
- Definition, Causes ... glaucoma and retinal ischemia ... Causes of uveitis ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Ophthalmology
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
and workup ... Alzheimer - 1st cause ... (parkinsonian signs ... Dementia - 2nd cause ... Unique or multiple ischemic
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
a mass as the cause ... Cannot Abduct • Ischemia ... unreactive pupil • Ischemia ... looking medially • Ischemia ... #Ophthalmology
Transient Monocular Vision loss - Differential Diagnosis
Ischemia	
 - Large artery disease (atherothrombosis, embolus, dissection).
  -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Ischemia - ... disease (anterior ischemic ... Ocular causes - ... #Ophthalmology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... autoantibodies that will cause ... ischemia and/or ... permeability Diagnosis ... cyclophosphamide • Ischemic